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Literature Review: Format

This guide discusses the format and process for writing a literature review.

Format

Literature review formats vary based on discipline, thus you should rely heavily on instructions provided by your professor. In general, the literature review will begin with an introduction. This introduction will lay the background and scope of the literature review, identify search methods and terms, establish any relevant theories, and acknowledge any papers that are considered indispensable to the context for your paper. 

This introduction will be followed by a discussion of works which you are including. The length of this section depends on the number of sources used. Note that if you finding hundreds of relevant studies on your research topic, your topic may be too broad. Consider narrowing your research question to focus on a particular aspect of the question. Likewise, if you are not finding any research on your topic, you might need to broaden your research question to include additional source material. All items used in your literature review should directly pertain to your research question. 

You will focus on similarities and differences between the works. You will not simply summarize each work in a separate paragraph. That is an annotated bibliography. 

For Example: 

Considerable research has been conducted on this topic. Authors A, B, and C conducted studies using method one. They arrived at similar conclusions. Authors D, E, and F used a different approach to the problem and discovered something else. The present study builds on this work to answer the question (insert your research question here).