Asian Americans: An OverviewAsian Americans are those groups and individuals in North America (some prefer to expand the scope of the term to include all countries of the two Americas) who trace their ancestry back to Asia. Asian Americans by this definition include all Chinese, Japanese, Korean, Filipino, East Indian, Pakistani, Sri Lankan, Malaysian, Indonesian, Vietnamese, Cambodian, ethnic Lao, Hmong, Thai, and all other Americans with ethnic backgrounds in Asia. Many include Pacific Islanders under the rubric of “Asian Pacific Americans,” so that Samoan Americans and Tongan Americans, for example, are included in the mix.
Ever since Chinese sought out the “Gold Mountain” in the California gold rush, Asians have been coming to America in significant numbers. Once America opened its doors—although at times halfheartedly or reluctantly—to Asian immigration, Americans of Asian descent experienced lives as diverse as their backgrounds. Many live in communities with such names as Chinatown, Koreatown, Little Tokyo, and Little Saigon. From western railroads to New York City's Chinatown, from Alaskan canneries to hospitals in New York and New Jersey, from California's Silicon Valley assembly lines to high-technology laboratories of Route 128 in Massachusetts—people of Asian descent have contributed much to the building of society and the development of culture in America.