Two opposed points of view,? John B. Watson wrote in 1925, ?are still dominant in American psychological thinking: introspective or subjective psychology, and behaviorism or objective psychology.? His statement is still true today. Reacting against traditional psychology's emphasis on feelings and introspection, and its lack of precise categories, Watson proposed a methodological approach to psychological problems that would be logical, precise, and scientific. Consciousness, he believed, was not a usable hypothesis: the proper subject of human psychology is the behavior of the human being. Behaviorism aimed to free psychology from elusive, vague concepts and establish it as a true natural science.
Behavioural psychology emphasises an experimental-clinical approach to the application of behavioural and cognitive sciences to understanding human behaviour and developing interventions to enhance the human condition. Behavioural psychologists engage in research, education, training, and clinical practice regarding a wide range of problems and populations. The distinct focus of behavioural psychology is twofold: (a) its strong reliance on an empirical approach; and (b) its theoretical grounding in learning theories, broadly defined, including respondent conditioning, operant learning, social learning, cognitive sciences, and information processing models. This book presents new international research in this important field.